Principles of Communication in Adult Social Care Settings Essay

1.1 The diffrent reasons people communicate are to tell others what there needs are for example there are hungry they need the toilet they would like something they need help to carry out a action and many more. They may like to exress or share ideas about themself or others. To obtaine or recive infomation maby about there children family or friends residence in a care home often worry about there family and when they are going to come to see them ect. People communiate to form relationships with others and share life experiences and to get to know each other. people comminicate to do most things it is very important. 1.2 Communication affects relationships in an adult socal care settings for encouraging participation in activities that go on in the home eg bingo outings film days music sessions theres all require communication but are very good to keep are brain active. To create equality so everyone has the same choices and chances in the home. To share understadings to make a better understanding for yourself. Read more: Identify different reasons why we communicate  essay 2.1 Ways to establish the communication and language needs are meet and the wishes and preferences of an individual are just simply asking the person if they are able to communicate verbally in some cases the individual may have had a stroke so may not be able to do this so body language plays a big part if you work with a individual a lot you can read what there needs are just from the way they act.You should always read a care plan before carrying out care so you should have some knowldge on the client but if you are unsure of anything you should go back and read it again. If you do not know the individual well you could ask other staff members who may no alot more about that client and may no the answer to you questions. 2.2 Factors to consider when promting affective communication would be as simple as the way you approach the client and your tone of voice as this makes a big diffrence its not always what you say its the way that you say it. Your body language can also play a big part we as humans can read body language very well. The enviroment is a big factor to consider as if its very loud around the client may not be able to hear you and what you are asking them to do or you may not hear what they are asking you or telling you what they need. If there is poor lighting they may not be able to see the things around them so well so this would effect communication also. Us as care providers must respect values, beliefs and diffrent culture.You must also check if they use communication aids as this is very important if a client can you hear very well they will have a hearing aid this must be in when communication is needed or they will not be able to hear and understand everything you are trying to help them with. 2.3 There are a range of communication methods and styles to meet individuals needs there are non-verbal communication are this things like written words,facial expressions,touch,behaviour,gestures,eye contact,behaviour and flash cards or pictures. The other type of cummunication is verbal these include verbal,pitch and vocabulary. communcation styles mat include positive,assertive,warm and supportive. 2.4 It is important to respond to an individuals reaction when communicating to respond in a appropiate way and to share a understanding when in a care home setting staff and residence become close and genrally get a good understanding of one another. If the individuals reaction is missed they may become distressed, fustrated or maby even frightened as they may be trying to tell you that something is wrong or they are in a need for help this would be more common with individuals who cant communicate verbally. 3.1 Individuals from diffrent backgrounds may use communication mathods in a diffrent ways. Examples of this may be someone who has been in a very close loving family may use touch much more than a individual who has been brought up and lived alone may be very uncomfortable with touch and may like as minimal as possible. Clients from diffrent countrys may use diffent languages and if they are unable to speak english or staff are unable to speak there known language then other forms of communiacation must be used. Peoples tone of voice may be used diffrent depending on there background this must always be respected and understood. 3.2 Barriers that effect communication are not making sure communication aids are avaliable like hearing aids and not checking they are working. If you do not allow sufficient time to listen then the client cant tell you if they need anything else or that they have any problems. If you are a care worker are dismissive they may not feel they can talk to you and this may cause them great stress. You must always give the client privacy if this is not done the client mat become very distressed. A lot of noice when you are trying to communicate is not good things may not be understood or heard from both sides. 3.3 Ways to overcome barriers to communicate may be adapting communication methods so all clients have a way to communivate with staff in a possitive effective way. To make information avalible in a variety of formats so all clients have the chance to udersand the information in the best possible way for them. We as care providers must ensure all the support needed is avalible at all times this will help make the client feel safe and secure. We must always establish an individuals needs and wishes and there culture and abide by there needs. 3.4 Statergies that can be used to clarify misunderstandings may include asking the individual to repeate what they said again and confirming understanding so they understand you didnt hear then correct the first time but when they repeated you understood. You may also ckeck with other that the undertanding you got from the client is correct. 3.5 To access extra support or services to enable individuals to communicate effectively may be there GP,individuals family or friends,socal workers.support groups or a specialised nurse.This would be if there was a problem with communiacation and the client needed extra things to be put in place so there was more effective communication for the client this would make sure all there care needs are meet and it prevented the client possibly becoming very distressed. A service may incude a speech and language service who can help people who can not communicate verbally in a effective way. 4.1 The meaning of confidentiality is to keep information private and only people who have a need to see it are to be able to access information. It also means keeping information safe in the correct locked place. You must only pass private information on with the indivduals permission to others who have a right to it. 4.2 Ways to maintain confidentiality in day to day communication are to keep all written records safe so not leaving records in places where other may see. You must ensure confidentual information is passed on only to other who have the need to know it. There must be paswords protecting electronic files and only people who need to know the passwords to know. We must always ckeck the identity of a person before passing personal information on to them. And we must provide a private environment. 4.3 The potential tension between maintaining an individuals confidentaility and disclosing concerns to agreed others may include breaching a confidence with an individual, It may also raise a safeguarding issue. It also may put the rights of others before those of an individual there are many other health profesionals who may be the agreed other like colleagues,GP,nurse,physiotherapist,family,advocate,dementia care advisior or socal worker. 4.4 When unsure of how to seek advice we should speak with are manager and if still unsure how we should speak with CQC who are the care quality commision. But we should always follow the organisations confidentiality policy.When to seek advice may be when claification is needed or when confidential information needs to be shared with agreed others.

The Reflections On Observations Carried Out Education Essay

Joe is a 13 old ages old pupil. During the Primary school, his behavioral and learning troubles and his academic advancement were the instructor and parents chief concern. He was unable to concentrate and finish his work and was holding jobs to maintain up with the course of study. The Education Psychologist assessed him with terrible dyslexia when he was 8 old ages old. It was noted that although attending troubles were impacting significantly his literacy undertakings, his literacy troubles were more declarative of deficient exposure to reading and spelling regulations. Furthermore, it was reported that Joe has terrible dyslexia, which was impeding his advancement at school. At the Child Guidance Clinic he was besides assessed with oppositional noncompliant upset. Joe manifests low ego regard and assurance in the manner he behaves. He often mentions that he is non good for anything and when person praises him, he does non believe it. He has troubles in authorship and reading, even though he has an astonishing spoken vocabulary and fertile imaginativeness. Joe receives the support of a shared acquisition support helper which has to back up three other pupils.Introductionâ€Å" For a dyslexic who does non yet know they are dyslexic, life is a large high wall you ne'er think you will be able to mount or acquire over. The minute you understand there is something called dyslexia, and there are ways of acquiring around the job, the whole universe opens up † ( Successful Peoples with Dyslexia – Jackie Stewart, international race auto driver ) . The universe we live in today is full of print so it is really easy to understand why both spoken and written linguistic communication is so of import and necessary in human communicating. Besides at school we are still depending excessively much on literacy. One can easy understand the concern of both parents and pedagogues when they notice the first marks of specific larning jobs such as dyslexia, when a pupil despite of equal intelligence and educational chances is still non doing the coveted advancement in countries of larning which involve literacy but at the same clip he is making highly good in topics which do non affect reading and authorship. â€Å" All right, † I told myself, â€Å" you may non be the brightest male child in the school, but you know every bit much about autos as any of your friends. You may hold to work a spot harder, do things in a somewhat different manner. You may hold to pay excess attending to detail, but you can make it. † ( The Telegraph 2007 – Jackie Stewart, international race auto driver ) . Normally when we hear about the word dyslexia, we associate it with reading, composing, spelling and Maths jobs but that is merely one face of the learning disablement. Harmonizing to Ronald D. Davis, an writer who he himself has dyslexia, there is the positive side of Dyslexia. He mentions several famous persons with dyslexia and insists that these people are masterminds because they have dyslexia. Davis references eight basic abilities which harmonizing to him all dyslexics portion. These eight abilities harmonizing to Davis if non suppressed, invalidated or destroyed by defenders or instructors, will ensue in two features: higher than normal intelligence and extraordinary originative abilities. ( Davis, 1997 ) .Contemplations on observations carried outParents should be a valued beginning of assessmentA When I was given the blessing to detect Joe, I was advised that unluckily due to familiar jobs it would non be wise to detect him in out of school environment. At the same clip I was informed that alternatively I could repair an assignment with his female parent at school. As I know that parents are an first-class resource of information, I did n't waver to repair this meeting. â€Å" Parents are an priceless portion of the instruction squad and if they are non to the full included both the school and the student will be disadvantaged. † ( Grech Louisa & A ; Philip cited on Azzopardi A. , 2010:52 ) . I learned that Joe is really originative at place, particularly in place decorating jobs. His female parent besides informed me that she herself has dyslexia and so she could sympathize with his defeat when he has to read and compose and when he experiences reluctance to go to school due to feelings of failure. She still remembers what she had to travel through back in clip, when there was less awareness about larning disablements. This shows that when a household member is sing a learning disablement all the household is affected frequently in a negative manner ( Dyson, 1996 ) . The term ‘specific larning disablement ‘ means a â€Å" upset in one or more of the basic psychological procedures involved in understanding or in utilizing linguistic communication, spoken or written, which disorder may attest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, believe, talk, read, compose, spell or make mathematical computations † ( IDEA 2004 ) ( as cited in Falzon class notes 2013 ) . Troubles in literature Spelling I observed that spelling is one of the activities which pose most challenges for Joe. Spelling errors could be noticed even in short words and across both linguistic communications. He was observed utilizing phonemic spelling for non phonemic words. Joe experiences troubles with disorderly spelling. As he can non trust on his ocular memory to assist him, he attempts to spell words in a manner in which although all right letters are at that place, they are written in the incorrect order. â€Å" Disorderly spellings ‘ show that the kid is sing trouble with ocular memory † ( Dyslexia Teacher ) . I ‘ve frequently observed that Joe becomes really defeated when he hands over his assignments to his instructor or LSA as when they look into his work he ever has many errors. It would assist if pedagogues adopt certain schemes when rectifying. Correction should be done discretely and off from equals. Red ink should be avoided and merely one type of error should be corrected at a clip so the pupil will non experience abashed. Using the phoneme count game during rectification can assist Joe. In this activity, Joe listens carefully to the sounds and counts them out and besides cleavage. He so tries to compose these words either on a laminated sheet or else he uses sandpaper letters. In this manner he can run his fingers over the letters and feels them. The most of import thing is to reenforce on a regular basis the words learned. Reading Joe besides experiences reading troubles, in fact Dyslexia is a specific trouble that is known to affects reading and spelling. â€Å" Dyslexia is characterised by troubles in treating word-sounds and by failings in short term verbal memory ; its effects may be seen in spoken linguistic communication every bit good as written linguistic communication † ( Dyslexia Action, once Dyslexia institute 2007 ( as cited in Falzon class notes 2013 ) . Fortunately during my observations, he was ne'er asked to read in public but I ‘ve had the chance to listen while he was reading to the LSA. Joe reads really easy and when he tries to read faster he makes a batch of errors. I besides observed that Joe makes up the narrative utilizing illustrations or his imaginativeness. This has little or no relation whatsoever to the text which he is reading. He besides adds words which do non demo in the text. Joe can sound out parts of words but can non synthesise all the sounds into the whole word. His phonological accomplishments are non yet to the full developed and so he finds it hard to organize the sounds within words or to recognize syllables within a word. Joe experiences cleavage troubles and needs a batch of support to retrieve the order of sounds in a peculiar word. Joe should ne'er be asked to read aloud to his equals. If he is willing to make so passage for reading should be given beforehand and text and founts be adapted harmonizing to his penchants. Besides coloring material of paper may cut down reading troubles ( Irien 2005 ) ( as cited on Azzopardi, 2010, pg100 ) . Writing Many pupils with larning disablements who have reading troubles besides may hold problem composing ( Walker, Shippen, Alberto, Houchins, & A ; Cihak, 2005 as cited in Salend, 2008, p.68 ) . While he is composing I observed that he reverses letters like â€Å" vitamin D † and â€Å" B † and â€Å" Q † and â€Å" P † . Joe takes really long to compose as he keeps spelling each and every word while he is composing. Besides he has troubles to bring forth thoughts and organize these thoughts into meaningful sentences. Besides while he writes his vocabulary is instead restricted. â€Å" An scrutiny of their authorship may uncover jobs in the countries of thought coevals, text administration, sentence construction, vocabulary use, spelling and Grammar. These composing troubles can impact their public presentation across the course of study † ( Salend, 2008 ) . For written assignments, Joe should be given excess clip and be praised for his creativeness. Besides computing machines, word-processors and spell-checks are really of import. For a pupil like Joe who has issues with his script and his spelling, ICT can be of tremendous benefit ( Pollock et Al ) . â€Å" Every kid has the right of entree to the course of study, yet we take away that right from so many pupils † ( Thomson, 2003 ) as cited on Azzopardi, 2010, pg.97 ) . The National Minimum Curriculum states that â€Å" We need to provide for the fact that all kids come to school with a different luggage and the Universal Designed acquisition ( UDL ) adheres to it. UDL is a model to extinguish barriers and do course of study accessible for all pupils by supplying: * Multiple agencies of representations of information to pupils. * Multiple agencies of look by pupils to show what they know. * Multiple agencies of battle to excite scholar ‘s involvement and motive. We as pedagogues should get down earnestly believing about differentiated acquisition experiences if we truly believe in inclusion. Troubles in Maths While I was detecting Joe during assorted Maths lessons it was really obvious that he was happening it hard to prolong attending. Joe can make arithmetic really easy but for him word jobs and algebra are a existent concern. He besides shows hapless memory for sequences, facts and information that has merely been given. Geller and Smith ( 2002 ) suggested that: jobs in the perceptual registry, every bit good as short-run memory, may negatively impact the math accomplishment of pupils with larning disablements ( as cited on Bender, 2004, pg.216 ) . During Maths, Joe shows dependance on finger numeration. Fortunately nobody of all time asked him to halt utilizing this method. I commend the Maths instructor for supplying Joe with press releases and worksheets to forestall him from copying from the whiteboard. The lone expostulation I have is that he should hold given them to everyone else in category. In this manner, Joe would non be seen as the uneven one out. I besides admire the manner in which the LSA works with Joe during this lesson. He reads the jobs for Joe and foreground the cardinal parts. At the same clip he encourages Joe to jot short notes about those cardinal parts. The LSA besides draws diagrams to assist him organize and understand better the information presented in the job as it is being presented in a ocular mode. I besides support the manner in which the LSA encourages Joe to look for words which are clearly highlighted on the press release alternatively of spelling them herself therefore cut downing learned weakness. Harmonizing to Martin Seligman â€Å" Learned weakness is the province of head created when an animate being or human being learns to act impotently, even with the agencies to get away or avoid an unpleasant state of affairs † ( Helping Psychology, 2010 ) . Troubles in Administration â€Å" You besides can promote pupils to work independently by assisting them develop their organizational accomplishments † ( Finstein, Yao Yang & A ; Jones 2006 ; Mizelle, 2005 ) as cited on Salend 2008, pg.245. From what I observed, Joe needs to be taught ways and agencies of how he can be more organized. During most of the lessons Joe needed motivating to bring his text editions and files. He was non certain which 1s corresponded to the lesson which was traveling on in the category. For him all the books seemed the same. Besides he frequently came to school without his prep. I shortly realised that something had to be done in this respect. The LSA and the instructors should work hand in glove to implement administration schemes. Books, copybooks and files should be coloring material coded harmonizing to the topic. This would heighten acknowledgment. Besides as the LSA has to help more pupils he can promote peer coaction where other pupils assist Joe. Besides an hypertrophied transcript of the timetable should be glued to his desk therefore doing it easier for him to cognize what is following. Before the pupil leaves the category, the LSA should do certain that Joe has packed all the books needed for analyzing and prep. The instructor should besides make his or her portion. Home plants should be written on the board every bit early as possible during the lesson and the LSA should look into what he has written. The communicating book is another of import tool to better administration accomplishments. Troubles in Behaviour During my observations I observed that Joe has troubles to understand societal cues and to act in a socially acceptable manner in assorted scenes. He lacks interpersonal accomplishments and this impairs negatively on his ability to organize meaningful friendly relationships. Unfortunately he is regarded by some of his equals and instructors as socially troubled and this impinges on his self-pride and the self-esteem attributed to him by other pupils. Children normally react to academic failure by neglecting in behavior. Why? Because so all eyes are on your kid ‘s bad behavior and non on her failure in reading and authorship. She ‘s labelled as boisterous, but that ‘s much easier for her to bear than being thought of as â€Å" dense † ( Wood, 2006, pg.64 ) . Frequently bad behavior is dissembling the pupil ‘s emphasis and he is utilizing such behavior to show emotions. But it is really of import that the pedagogue prompts Joe to alter behavior. Peoples with dyslexia must besides be encouraged to utilize their strengths to get the better of their failings. This will understate bad behavior. â€Å" They have many particular strengths which they should ever be encouraged to develop to the full. Their intelligence and normalcy in every other domain of life must be emphasised at all times, so they can carry through their possible † ( Blight, 1998, pg.6 ) . Joe should be supported to construct meaningful friendly relationship. This can be done by set uping schoolroom communities and circle of friends. By making so we would be making a supportive and caring community around the pupil and would besides be advancing the thought that diverseness is healthy. â€Å" Such community-building group activities promote friendly relationships and credence by making a category individuality that recognises the similarities and differences among pupils and the alone parts of each category member † ( Harriott & A ; Martin, 2004 ; Obenchain & A ; Abernathy, 2003 ) ( as cited in Salend, 2008, pg.234 ) . Troubles in motor accomplishments Deficits in all right motor accomplishments, have besides been identified in footings of the characteristically hapless script ( Benton, 1978 ; Miles, 1983 ) , and copying in immature kids ( Badian, 1984 ; Rudel, 1985 ) , coupled with trouble to bind shoe lacings ( Miles, 1983 ) as cited on Reid et al 2008, pg.83. Although the psychological study states that â€Å" Gross motor developmental mileposts featured age-appropriately † , it should hold mentioned the all right motor accomplishments which as I have observed still necessitate to better and dysgraphia. Joe still has troubles in cutting, pulling, and binding his shoe lacings. He holds his pen excessively tightly and exerts heavy force per unit area when composing with the consequence that his motions are restricted. This is one ground why he finds composing so hard and boring. I have besides observed that spacing between words is non standard and often his composing expressions like a whole block of text. Besides he can non maintain within the lines while composing. Joe ‘s composing floats above and cuts down through the lines and his letters are frequently uneven. I besides had the chance to detect Joe ‘s position during the lessons. He frequently slouches in his chair and sits awkwardly at his desk. This continues to encroach negatively on his script. It is an absolute necessity that Joe ‘s script is improved. This can be done by learning him and supplying him with chances to pattern the uninterrupted authorship manner. â€Å" The most widely recommended script manner is called uninterrupted longhand. Its most of import characteristic is that each missive is formed without taking the pencil off the paper and accordingly, each word is formed in one, fluxing motion † ( British Dyslexia Association ) . Besides we should guarantee good position, where the chair and desk are in the right tallness and the pupil is sitting directly with his pess level on the land. I would besides urge that Joe is seen by an Occupational healer which could give him regular exercisings to beef up his fingers and custodies musculuss. â€Å" Daily pattern is the ideal. A small and frequently is better than a hebdomadal endurance contest session. Motor accomplishments develop with ripening, pattern and experience † ( Branson, 2007, Pg.54 ) . Troubles in Self-Esteem â€Å" I come to school. I see all the other friends. Who can rite and read. But me, I ‘m all on my ain Not good at riteing. Not good at reading. I site on my bed, I cry I cry and I cry. But I boh't see why. It ‘s so hared for me. Ca n't you see? † By Jodie Cosgrave, age 11. ( as cited in Social and Emotional Aspects of Dyslexia by Dr. Gilda Palti, 1996 ) . As literacy accomplishments are so strongly emphasized in our current educational system, pupil like Joe frequently experience a great trade of failure as I had the chance to detect. These experiences adversely impact his ego regard. We as pedagogues need to demo him that he has both strengths and weaknesses precisely like anybody else. Praise at the appropriate times is really of import to increase motive. Educators can promote Joe to make activities where he can see success so he will be able to increase his self-esteem. That ‘s why it is of import for Joe to hold humanistic disciplines, physical instruction and IT lessons during the hebdomad. These are the countries in which he can stand out and experience satisfied about his schooling experience. With a batch of difficult work and doggedness, the pedagogues can lend to understate the effects of dyslexia and maximize the â€Å" I am good as anyone else † factor. Self-government is the ultimate end where the pupils use strengths to get the better of failings. â€Å" One indispensable component of authorization is self-determination † ( Wehmeyer, 1993,1994 ) . Self-government is the antonym of erudite weakness. When pupils have control over their life, their self-pride is boosted. Besides when pupils are responsible for planning and determinations, people view them otherwise. â€Å" Self-government refers to volitional actions that enable one to move as the primary causal agent in one ‘s life and to keep or better one ‘s quality of life † ( Wehmeyer, 2007, p.6 ) . Troubles in Attention Comprehension and Memory When the instructor negotiations for long periods of clip, Joe becomes highly defeated because he experiences troubles to prolong attending and because he has weak audile memory. The LSA adapts the notes which are taken during the lesson and high spots keywords to do it easier for him to retrieve them when revising. Unfortunately some instructors do transport on with the lesson even when they are to the full cognizant that Joe and other pupils are non following. To add abuse to injury when they use the whiteboard they write in a disorganized manner and chorus from utilizing any visuals so Joe finds it wholly impossible to follow. To heighten his memory, the LSA could utilize a voice recording equipment to enter the instructor ‘s account. These recordings could so be used back at place to enable Joe to understand at his ain gait and to follow print with audile input. From clip to clip, Joe could besides be asked to verbally rephrase stuff taught to measure his comprehension and reinforce acquisition. Besides repeat should be uninterrupted. Concerted acquisition, where pupils are assigned to squads, and they all portion cognition and accomplishments and seek aid from others, can besides be good. â€Å" A concerted acquisition format that places more duty on group members is the larning together attack † ( Johnson, Johnson, & A ; Holubec, 2002 ) ( as cited in Salend, 2008, pg.404 ) . Concerted acquisition besides avoids labelling. Another scheme which the pedagogues can utilize is peer tutoring. A equal who demonstrates good comprehension accomplishments can help Joe in larning a new accomplishment. â€Å" In equal tutoring, one pupil coach assists another in larning a new accomplishment. Peer tutoring additions pupil larning across a scope of content countries and Fosters positive attitudes toward school for coachs and tutees † ( Heron, Villareal, Yao, Christianson, & A ; Heron, 2006 ; Miller 2005 ) ( as cited in Salend, 2008, pg.403 ) . Peer tutoring besides increases motive as pupils enjoy working together and their academic public presentation improves. â€Å" It besides promotes a greater sense of duty and an improved self-concept, every bit good as increased academic and societal accomplishments † ( Spencer, 2006 ) ( as cited in Salend, 2008, pg.403 ) . Educators need to supervise while they are implementing this scheme. The instructors should help his attending and comprehension by utilizing visuals, composing on the board in an orderly manner, utilizing non cursive and clear penmanship and utilizing different colorss on surrogate lines so Joe can follow better. Teachers should besides be made cognizant that as pupils like Joe think chiefly with images and feelings the usage of structured multi-sensory techniques is greatly encouraged. Multi-sensory methods increase the concentration span of pupils. â€Å" Dyslexic kids need to utilize structured multi-sensory methods. This means utilizing as many senses as possible at a clip to do learning easier-looking, hearing, stating and making † ( Dyslexia Teaching Today often asked inquiries ) . Students with Dyslexia can profit enormously from the sensitiveness of the schoolroom instructors who implement some appropriate schemes without needfully incurring excess loads. â€Å" Low outlooks lead to limited attempt, high outlooks lead to defeat, a realistic assessment of each topic is hence indispensable † ( Christine Firman, 1998 as cited on the Malta Independent ) . The pedagogues are responsible to supply meaningful and actuating acquisition and should be cognizant of the pupils ‘ metacognition. Besides they must non overload pupils with inordinate information. Vygotsky believed that, â€Å" instructors should play an informative function invariably steering and fostering their students in order to better their attending span, concentration, and larning accomplishments, and so construct up their competency ( as cited on Collin et al.,2012, pg. 270 ) .DecisionDuring these last old ages at that place have been greater attempts to increase consciousness about dyslexia. However despite all this, stigma about this status is still rampant. Some pedagogues are still sceptic about dyslexia and this attitude is harming pupils and impacting their instruction development and ego regard. Students with dyslexia are still being labelled as stupid and lazy. This attitude is besides negatively encroaching on the whole construct of inclusion as it fails to supply the appropriate environment and support for all pupils to larn together. Tanti Burlo ‘ , ( 2010 ) notes that â€Å" it has become more and more apparent that the successful inclusion of a kid with disablement, and of all kids at that, depends on the acquisition environment the kids are immersed in † .Restrictions of the surveyFor this survey purpose observations at place and in the community could non be included due to serious household jobs. Had I been able to detect Joe outside school, it would hold given me greater penetration and information and findings would hold had more strength.

Arthur Miller increases the tension within the play Essay

In this piece of coursework I will be analysing the tragic play â€Å"A view from the bridge† specifically pages 35 to 42. I also will be discussing how the author Arthur Miller increases the tension within the play which continues to create an impact towards the later stages of the play. The play tells us a story of Eddie which has already happened. This is why Alfieri takes the role of two crucial characters in the play: a chorus and the role of a lawyer. When I say chorus I mean he doesn’t just tell us the story but reflects on the story as well as telling us what to feel and think of the tragedy, just like the ancient Greek chorus. I believe that the title â€Å"A view from the bridge† is a metaphor for the role Alfieri plays due to the reason that he is a Sicilian American lawyer who probably lives in a lat in Manhattan however he crosses the bridge to a poor estate called Brooklyn. This helps us understand Alfieri is a chorus that who is like eyes looking down from the bridge. When Alfieri says â€Å"I knew, I knew then and there I could have finished the whole story then and there† Alfieri using the technique of doubling shows that he is confident and tries to make the audience in awe of the play I also believe that miller created the character Alfieri as his voice to express his feelings and tell the audience what he Miller thinks through Alfieri because when Alfieri says â€Å"it wasn’t as though a mystery to un ravel. I could see every step coming† this shows that Alfieri knows what will happen next yet unlike Miller, Alfieri is powerless to help Eddie this is shown when Alfieri says â€Å"I sat here many afternoons asking myself why, being an intelligent man, I was so powerless to stop it†. The play uses a great deal of dramatic irony as a technique to keep us interested in the play due to the reason that we are privileged miller gives us insights into the play letting us the audience know what some of the characters are not aware of. For example, when Rudolpho says â€Å"lemons are green† trying to correct Eddie, Eddie replies â€Å"I know lemons are green for Christ’s sake† Eddie says this in a angry tone leaving Rudolpho to wonder why Eddie just snapped at him like that however the audience know that Eddie is boiling with rage at Rudolpho who is stealing the women he loves and Rudolpho is everything Eddie cannot be The audience is also aware of the strain Eddie who is simmering with rage feels as he cannot deals with his love for Catherine. Alfieri sums up these feelings when he says â€Å"we all love somebody, the wife, the kids – every mans got somebody they love, heh? But sometimes†¦ there’s too much†¦ and it goes where it mustn’t. † Eddie hates the fact that Catherine should have relationships with anyone except him. Eddie is jealous of Catherine and Rodolpho’s relationship because Catherine loves him and not Eddie: he doesn’t like the fact that his feelings are one way only Tension is built up by the lack of ability of characters to communicate. An example of this is when Beatrice says Eddie is not a proper husband: â€Å"your wife gettin’ the money alright, Marco? MARCO â€Å"oh, yes† this shows that Beatrice is indirectly asking to Eddie why he cannot be a proper husband and care for his wife like Marco does. However through what I have read and gathered. To my understanding Beatrice is very loyal, compassionate and patient towards Eddie as she knows about Eddies feelings towards Catharine. â€Å"well be an uncle then† when she says this Beatrice is trying to remind Eddie that he is only her uncle and nothing else. In addition to that she is also trying indicate that Eddie is being overprotective as if he is her boyfriend. Miller also builds up the suspense and tension at the end of act 1 by showing Marco’s true strength when he lifts a chair from one corner with one hand keeping it straight, â€Å"raised like a weapon†, above Eddie’s head. This leaves us with a sort of cliffhanger in which the end of act 1 has changed the course of the story and has added to the mystery of Marco and his relationship with Eddie. To wrap up I would say that Miller builds up the tension and suspense between 35 to 42 due to the reason that he is ending act 1 so he has to create suspense so that the audience come back for act two anticipating what will happen next. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.

Consequences of a college student cheating on exams Essay

Consequences of a college student cheating on exams - Essay Example However, cheating comes with its consequences, many of which can prove to be harmful to the education and future career of a college student. College students have as many reasons as to why they cheat as they have methods to cheat. Some of the most common reasons as to why college students claim to cheat include not having enough time to study, the material was too hard to understand and they did not want to seek tutoring, and they had other stressful things going on in their lives that they could not possibly find time to care about studying. So, being unprepared for their exams, they prepare instead to cheat. They bring in sheets containing notes, facts, and even answers; they copy fellow students; some even obtain the actual test and simply memorize the answers. College students can get creative with how they cheat. However, if they put the same amount of effort into preparing for their tests, they would not have to rely on cheating. The consequences of cheating in college are a l ot different and more intense than consequences of cheating in elementary school, or even in high school. ... When a college student is caught cheating on an exam, the first course of action that is taken is that they not only receive a failing grade on that exam, but they usually receive a failing grade for the entire course. This is done for a variety of reasons. First and foremost, if the student was willing to cheat on an exam, there is nothing to suggest that they were honest with any of their work prior to taking the exam. Also, by cheating on the exam, they show that they are not serious about their education as a college student. When a student receives a failing grade for the class, they are often removed from the class and are not refunded their money for the remainder of the course (Noah & Eckstein 104). In the case that the class is a core class and is therefore required, the student usually faces the consequence of not being accepted back into that class in a later semester. Next, the student is brought before the student disciplinary board of their university. The disciplinary board will make the decision of what should happen next to the student. In most cases, if this is the student’s first time being caught cheating, they are put on academic probation, which can vary from one semester or until they graduate. Their grades are monitored, and they often have to take their tests alone and under strict supervision of a designated instructor. If they are caught cheating again, or if the person brought before the board is a repeat offender, the student is expelled from the college. Once a student has been caught cheating numerous times and are then expelled from their school, it becomes difficult to find another college that will take them because their record of cheating will follow them wherever they go. No other college is going to be

Renewable Energy- Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Renewable Energy- - Research Paper Example A non-renewable energy source is a natural energy source in limited supply. The major renewable source, on the other hand, is the geothermal energy, which is power that is extracted from heat that is stored under the crust of the earth. In the 21st century, there has been an increasing concern to have energy sources increased to match the ever increasing energy demands. This has necessitated the implementation of mechanisms that see to it that more renewable energy sources are explored. This way, more research has been done with various measured put in place to ensure the available few sources of energy are conserved for purposes of achieving stability in energy. This paper explores renewable energy development and progression in China, India, and Nigeria Research indicates that renewable energy production is relatively expensive and requires skilled force for purposes of running the machinery. However, one thing to content with is that recently, emphasis has been on how best to make use of the renewable energy. According to Nnadi (2011), there is an increasing need to adapt renewable energy instead of overreliance on the none-renewable energy sources. Failure to work towards generating more renewed energy sources leads to an energy crisis. One country that has had to content with this hard reality is Nigeria (Nnadiet al, 2011). On the contrary, in an effort to replenish the diminishing energy sources, China reportedly been making use of its renewable energy resources. Facing similar situation, India has been working around the clock to make sure it fully makes use of its renewable energy sources. Sources of energy that have notably been explored include solar, biomass and geo-thermal energy. Certainly, employing such strategy has seen India realizing increased sustainable energy, which ultimately has helped reduce on the greenhouse gas emissions. Historically, Oil, coal, water, as well as wood have widely been used to produce energy. However, with advancement in technology, new methods of producing energy have been embraced. Basing on research, a major energy crisis is beckoning if it happens that there is lucidity in implementing programs that see to it that there is increased production of renewable energy sources. It is undisputable that energy production requires a highly trained workforce. In this respect, a work force that is focused and well trained ensures that there is efficient utilization of energy. Fundamentally, individuals are tasked with the responsibility of increasing energy conservation measures that are geared towards realizing reduced energy crisis. There is need to encourage scientific studies to be conducted in the energy sector to ensure the processes are carried out in the proper ways (Ravikrishna, 2011). With a focus on Nigeria, it is worth noting that it is one of the countries known for its rich natural resources. Such natural resources that are heavily depended upon include water, minerals and fertile land whi ch can be used to achieve economic goals. However, failure to fully explore their natural resources is an issue subject to debate. The effective use of electricity would boost their goals of achieving economic recovery. However, this is not the case following the lacking will to impress technological advancement research would have it Nigeria has for years, failed obtain renewable energy.

Hamilcar Barca research paper paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Hamilcar Barca - Research Paper Example A review of Hannibal’s early life is important for one to understand what motivated the Carthaginian hero. Hannibal was born to Hamilcar Barca, who was a Carthaginian leader at the time (Antiquity 74). At the time of his birth, Carthaginians and Romans were at supremacy war fighting over the Mediterranean Sea. To this end, the two were expanding their empires and conflict was almost inevitable given the fact that both had the same ambitions. The first punic war lasted from 264-241 BC led by the Barca family from the Carthaginians, and Scipio family from the Romans side. As the war ended, Carthaginians had lost control of Sicily and Sardinia in the western Mediterranean. This infuriated Hamiclar, who was the general commanding the Carthaginians in the first punic war. The humiliation made Hamiclar hate the Romans with a passion (Prevas 40). Scullard writes, â€Å"Hamilcar truly hated Romans after they humiliated the Carthaginians at their forced surrender at Sicily† (184 ). Hannibal was barely 20 years old when he was sent to Spain by the senate after Hasdrubal had insisted that the young Barca needed proper military education. Despite his young age, Hannibal was very eager to learn since he knew that this was preparation for him to rise to power and wage war against Romans. It is said that Hamilcar had â€Å"made his son swear eternal hatred to Rome† (Scullard 184) when he was very young. Hannibal received a warm welcome and immediate recognition among the troops. Prevas says that when Hannibal arrived in Spain, the troops â€Å"saw in this young boy their old commander Hamilcar† (48). As he matured, Hannibal earned more respect from the Carthage army in Spain. Hannibal got political knowledge from Hasdrubal and war competence through experience with the soldiers’ activities. The art of war seemed to come to Hannibal naturally as well (Prevas 48). Prevas further notes that Hannibal never did anything extra than the others, he a te and drank just enough to stay alive, slept on bare ground, and took guard duty just like any other soldier (48). He became a respected, skilled fighter and further learned Latin, the enemy language. Hannibal’s interaction with the soldiers served to build a strong bond with them; this would come in handy in the coming war (Prevas 48-49). Hannibal finally rose to power in 221 BC after violent assassination of Hasdrubal. Hannibal’s intense hatred for the Romans meant that he could not afford to waste any time before he started planning his terror against the Romans. Just like his father, Hannibal was ambitious about conquering lands in Spain. He, therefore, disregarded the treaty that Hasdrubal had signed with the Romans and continued expanding his territory west. Hannibal soon acknowledged the fact â€Å"Carthaginian victories in Spain would not break the power of Rome† (Scullard 186). Hannibal realized that he had to break the Italian Confederacy to bring dow n Rome. A perfect point for him to start his Rome mission would be Saguntum, a city allied to Rome and between Spain and the Alps (Barnes 1). Hannibal initiated the second punic war by his aggression and seizure over Saguntum in 219 BC, which the Romans considered an act of war, (Barnes 1). This act made the Romans furious, and they â€Å"ordered the Carthaginian government to hand Hannibal over to them† (Michael 98). Hannibal ignored the threats and proceeded to plot entry to Italy; he realized that to keep both Carthage and

Business Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Report - Essay Example The organization, through the new initiative, has a lot of potential and could very well be on its way to cashing in on the demand of the market and could ideally lead its industry in no time. Unfortunately, Tedallal is still experiencing difficulty primarily because its strategy is not aligned with the organizational objectives. This issue has been identified using different assessment models such as Hayes & Weelright's four-stage model, service positioning matrix (SPM), as well as concepts such as ServQual, the service profit chain, service blueprinting and the lean service concept. These frameworks revealed that there are several mismatches and incoherent elements in Tedallal’s overall business approach that compromise several features of its new operational model. This came about through several factors, including a comprehensive offering of customer values that taxed the organizational capability and resources; half-baked strategy that failed to address the achievement an d maintenance of quality in products and services; and, the failure to meet market demands. These variables, collectively, put the company in a more dangerous ground, that when left unaddressed could ultimately lead the organization to its eventual demise. The key issues identified in this report that are needed to be addressed are as follows: 1. Although the organization adopts the four essential competitive priorities in its strategy as a service company, it fails to implement them each in their own respective areas as well as in a collective model that could coherently achieve the organizational objectives; 2. Tedallal lacks the organizational culture that could enable the company to attain its objective of putting emphasis on people and service. This aspect is particularly important, since Tedallal’s new strategy requires a high degree of organizational change that can only be achieved by changing people, perspectives and attitudes. 3. The strategy to utilize low-cost res ources and failure to invest on its people took its toll on the organization's ability to meet the demands and expectations of the customers, respond to the changes and requirements of the complex products and values it started to offer after the strategy overhaul. As this report would establish, there is a need for restraint and sober strategy building in regards to how competitive advantage is to be approached and achieved. What this means is that decision-makers within the company should decide which aspect they want to focus on, then perfect it, excel on it, and gradually build a lasting and memorable relationship with its customers. This should lead Tedellal to modify its current strategy from the existing knee-jerk or reactive approach into a long-term, coherent and unique model tailored according to its core objectives, organizational strengths and capabilities. This report has outlined several models that could guide Tedallal in effectively aligning strategy and objectives, in every step and in every aspect – from the evaluation up to the measurement of strategy according to the corporate objectives. These information are contained in a logically structured discourse of three important aspects of the organization and its strategy: Operations strategy, activity and performance; Service delivery

Critical approach in project risk management Essay

Critical approach in project risk management - Essay Example As Wrona (2010, p. 1) states, â€Å"companies that do perform a risk management process on a fairly typical multi-month project (no longer than 12 months) will identify and manage possibly five to ten easily recognized project risks†. This statement shows that doing comprehensive risk analysis regularly at each stage of the project can reduce the occurrence of risks and make companies able to respond properly to any type of project risk. Risk analysis is necessary to conduct to ensure completion of construction projects within time and available budget. As Flanagan and Norman (1993, p. 45) state, â€Å"attention to risk is essential to ensure good performance†. It is the responsibility of the risk management departments to perform risk management activities regularly in order to save time and budget. The risk management staff needs to be able to identify all types of project risks that a company may face in order to take effective measures to eliminate the occurrence of risks. 'In this paper, we will examine the way risk management approach changes with changes in each stage of construction projects. Along with this, the paper will also cover the way risk analysis can be used to drive project management decisions. There will also be a discussion on different types of construction project risks, as well as the ways to reduce the occurrence of such risks. Moreover, the phases of risk management process will also be discussed in the paper. 2. Risk Management in Construction Companies As Akintoye and MacLeod (1997, p. 31) state, â€Å"risk management is essential to construction activities in minimizing losses and enhancing profitability†. This statement shows that risk analysis and management not only helps companies minimize the probability of potential risks but also ensures consistent performance and improved level of profits due to customer satisfaction. If we talk about risks related to construction industry, we can say that this industry is prone to a number of critical risks, which need to be handled carefully in order to keep the companies away from the damaging effects of risks. In this regard, proper risk analysis at each stage of the project is essential. Risk management is essential for construction projects (Schieg 2006, p. 77; Zu, Liu, & Lu 2012). As Sharp (2009) states, proper identification and assessment of potential risks is critical for a company to succeed in today’s competitive market. It is due to this reason that the managers of construction firms put their efforts on identifying and evaluating the possibility of risks that their companies may face at some point during project management related to operational, financial and, contractual activities. As Lyons and Skitmore (2004, p. 51) state, â€Å"risk identification and risk assessment are the most often used risk management elements ahead of risk response and risk documentation†. A properly planned strategy is required for construct ion firms to analyze the risks associated with project management, as well as to achieving the balance between their operational necessities and identified risks. As Edwards (1995, p. 4) states, â€Å"risk analysis is the identification and assessment of the likelihood of hazards†. Some companies try to eradicate the threat of potential risk

Opportunities and challenges faced by multi-national companies in Essay

Opportunities and challenges faced by multi-national companies in setting an appropriate transfer price - Essay Example Nonetheless, MNEs enjoy substantial discretion in a way that they can structure their business operation models and set their internal trading terms (Runkel 2012). For this reason, the corporations can allocate some of the profits they have made to the member groups in low-tax areas without the need to move corresponding economic activity, risks, assets, and functions. MNEs have challenges and opportunities that face them, this paper will explore some of these. In most cases, group members have problems facing them whenever they want to set appropriate price for intra-group transactions. Sometimes this happens even when there are no motives to set prices. MNEs are very complex in their operations (Chan 2015). Things happen to become even more intricate in the fact that good number of transactions cannot compare directly to transactions the unrelated parties have undertaken. This makes it very difficult for MNEs to comply with transfer pricing rules. The organizational structure of MNCs is influenced by several factors. Geographical dispersion remains one of these factors (Gallemore&Labro 2014). Geographical dispersion is essentially the extent related to the cost of information flow within an enterprise and how the flow affects the corporate performance. Boundaries, indeed, may influence this flow between foreign subsidiaries and headquarters in spite of information flow being majorly done through the internet. The result, which is one of the challenges, is an increase of costs incurred in transferring the information and also valuation discount. The geographical dispersion also impacts on critical areas such as the organizational structures of the firm whereby it increases its complexity. The reason is if the headquarters is far from their business units, then it become costly to transfer information. That also limits the transfer of goods and services from the units and becomes even harder to carry out transfer pricing. There lacks a functioning

Exposing Workers to Plutonium Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Exposing Workers to Plutonium - Case Study Example Workers who have occupations at a nuclear plant, which require that they be necessarily exposed to radiation like plutonium, are among workers who are at high risk in their health as well as their safety. A number of incidents have occurred stating plutonium spills exposing worker’s health to dangers. This substance was said to remain in vital organs of the body like lungs or may move to the bones, liver, or other body organs (ATSDR, 1). But generally, such substance stays in the body of affected person for decades and may evencontinue to expose the surrounding tissues to radiation (ATSDR, 1). As a result, a person may develop cancer in the lungs, bones, liver depending on how long it has remained in the person’s body. Despite laws and regulations on maintaining safe workplace and compensating employees for occupational illnes, the fact remains that there are incidents occurring that continually expose workers to danger in their safety and health. Hence, there is a need for greater protection to the health of workers, provide appropriate health care, address their other health concerns and have standards to prevent accidents or incidents in relation to exposure to such radiation (Silver, 3). Workplaces and establishments which expose workers to such radiation must therefore come up with standards to ensure safety of workers, provide protective devices, informing workers of adhering to such standards for their safety and other protective measures. This goes not only to government agencies but also business establishments engaged in nuclear radioactivity. In order to address this problem, there must be community based approaches as well as case studies of incidents regarding radiation to identify what other reforms as to occupational safety may be put in place not only to protect workers but the community as well.

As I Lay Dying (book) Essay Example for Free

As I Lay Dying (book) Essay The character Addie Bundren is portrayed in many ways throughout the novel As I Lay Dying. The whole story revolves around the fact that Addie is dead and her wish to be buried near her blood relatives rather than her own family. The impression the reader gets of Addie is developed through many different characters’ views and descriptions of Addie. One character that helps us understand Addie’s personality a little more is Cora Tull. Cora Tull, Vernon Tull’s wife, expresses Addie’s voice and personality through her memories of Addie. Cora stood with Addie during her final hours. Cora disapproves of Addie’s behavior and lack of religion. Cora dislikes the fact that Addie’s love for Jewel is greater than her love of God. Another character that helps us understand Addie is Minister Whitfield. Addie had an affair with the minister and had a baby. This affair shows how Addie sees marital love and motherhood as empty concepts and are just there to fill empty voids. Addie doesn’t have an affair with the minister solely on lust, but she does it for self-gratification and self-expression also. Vardaman, the youngest of the Bundren children, compares his mother’s death to a fish he recently caught and cleaned. Vardaman compares his mother to a fish because the fish and his mother have both died. The fish and his mother have changed because of death. Both Addie and the fish no longer have essence, which could be interpreted as an existentialist view. In a chapter where Addie seemingly speaks from the dead, Addie’s personality is truly shown. We learn that Addie is a pessimistic and unfulfilled woman, who marries her ignorant husband Anse. She admits to only caring for two of her children and the rest she calls or labels as â€Å"Anse’s children†, who were born out of an obligation. Addie’s personality is put together by the views, comparisons, and descriptions of her youngest son Vardaman, her neighbor Cora Tull, The affair she had with Minister Whitfield, and her own personal voice. Through these views, we could conclude/interpret that Addie was a strong-willed and intelligent woman who dislikes the obligations put on women during that time period. Cora Tull shows her as some who lacks religion. The affair with the minister shows that she is a woman who needed gratification. Her youngest son shows how she is a mother who was completely lost in death and no longer has essence. Her own voice shows that she is a person who feels like women are obligated to fit into the roles of being a mother and a wife.

Modernism in poetry Essay Example for Free

Modernism in poetry Essay Modernism. It is a direction of poetry, literature and art in general that uses and describes new and distinctive features in the subjects, forms, concepts and styles of literature and the other arts in the early decades of the present century, but especially after World War I. (Abrams 167) More often than not Modernism engages in deliberate and radical break (Abrams 167) with more traditional foundation of art and culture, established since XIX century. Here two poets of modernist age – T. S. Elliot and H. Crane – are compared to T. Hardy and G. M. Hopkins, a pair of contemporary classical poets. I’d like to begin the study with T. S. Elliot, the famous poet whose very name sounds like a synonym to word â€Å"modernism†. Elliot was and is the personification of modernism, and images and verses from his poems are remembered even today, and integrated in today works of literature and fiction. One can remember Steven King’s â€Å"Dark Tower† saga where images of Elliot’s works resurface frequently – in fact, one of King’s volumes of that saga is called â€Å"The Waste Lands†, obviously inspired by Elliot’s . For example, Elliot’s â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† had brought us a vision of a man whose world had split in and around himself, a lost person in search of love which can only be destructive and formidable for him. Since he is confined in the abyss of his own consciousness, reality is merely some kind of emotional experience for him. He can still observe the world around him, but psychologically he is alone, in the waste lands of unfertility and spiritual emptiness. Prufrock (the epitome of Elliot himself, or the reader) lets his thoughts and sentiments drift off incoherently. The external world around him, to which he is so sardonic, reflects his inner world, deprived of spiritual serenity. As he cannot get involved in a dialogue with the external world, only through the dramatic monologue can Prufrock whisper his intention : Let us go then, you and I† (Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry, 242). Elliot wanted his hero (and the reader) to compare himself with a character of Dante’s â€Å"Inferno†. But while they are alike, their fates are different: While Guido has at least the courage to open up to Dante, Prufrock is too complacent and too inert to make that effort. His only confident can be his alter ego – a distorted reflection of himself in the mirror of outside world. He sees this person, and begs to him for unification – as if there can be an answer different from the one he gives himself†¦ Prufrock’s wisdom of the ages he seems to feel returns to him as cruel mockery. What, indeed, could be the meaning of â€Å"life, universe and everything† (D. Adams), if .. one, settling a pillow, or throwing off a shawl, And turning toward the window, should say: That is not it at all, That is not what I meant, at all. (Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry, 245). That Prufrocks mawkish and evasive nature is shattered is delineated in the last ten lines of the poem. As the recurrent images of and references to the sea (silent seas, mermaids, seagirls†) crop up more and more, Prufrocks self-evasion becomes more marked. His psychic para1yis culminates when he realizes that even the mermaids will not do him a favor by singing to him; thus, all his source of possible inspiration fades away. (Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry, 245). He has never rea1ly been a religious man: he cannot, thus, expect Christ to restore him to a potent life, as was Lazarus restored to his. It is no wonder that while Prufrock is felt to be an epitome to all society of his times – so brilliant and so exquisitely empty inside. In modern times, his words had been referenced to in mockery by one of the most horrible machines the human mind had ever invented, Blaine the Mono: â€Å"In the rooms the people come and go. But I doubt that any of them is talking of Michelangelo† (King). Elliot’s other masterpiece, Gerontion, depicts a dream of memory. While Prufrock is at least â€Å"here† (even if he is unsure of his own location in the world), Gerontion’s hero is the time itself, sifted through the sieve of human memory. The observer is neither here not there, but the remains of memory, the dregs of time are spread before him – an enchanting display, but meaningless essentially. Elliot seems to ask – would the dregs of our own memory, if spread before some stranger, mean as little to him as these remains of one’s time mean to us now? All Elliot’s images are dark, broody and disturbing. They imply to ask – is it all? Can there be anything else around us, or are we lost eternally in the world which wasn’t mean for us? And, as Elliot hadn’t answered that questions himself, each reader must substitute his own answers and test their validity on Elliot’s words of man, world and time. Hart Crane is other example of modernist poets, his images are less brooding than Elliot’s and more defined, but the power they wield over us is intensified by their hidden meanings, unseen at first glance. Crane’s â€Å"Black Tambourineâ€Å" reflects on author’s own experience of time spent with some negro workers in a cellar. But the cellar expands in author’s view to the size of the whole world, and its closed door becomes the famous wall of the three Biblical judgments – MENE, MENE, TEKEL, UPHARSIN: â€Å"numbered, weighed and found wanting†. All universe seems to be contained between â€Å"here and now† – the dark cellar with tambourine on the wall – and mystical â€Å"somewhere†, where all human hopes end as â€Å"carcass, quick with flies† (Black Tambourine). â€Å"At Melvilles Tomb† brings dark and melancholy beneath which a memory of forces lingers that were bright and vicious once before – before the Death took its toll, equaling the furious Ahab and unnamed sailor. The image of the sea is indefinite and vague too, for it can be perceived as deep grave, or Death itself, or Sea of Time which will eventually give endless calm to every living being. In all modernist poetry, the concept of such multipart images and veiled references was honed and detailed up to its perfection. Now this is an instrument which is frequently used in literature and other spheres of life, such as advertising, but in times of T. S. Elliot and H. Crane it was a powerful innovation with which readers were stunned literarily. To compare with modernist poetry of Elliot and Crane, classical works by T. Hardy and G. M. Hopkins are selected. The classical English poetry of Thomas Hardy is more structured both in rhythm and meaning than modernist examples of Elliot and Crane. His poetry can be called â€Å"methodic†, for he explains methodically the one symbol which forms a poem. He explains it, details it, brings it before our eyes in maddeningly realistic manner, until the reader not simply understands it, but is enthralled by its vision. â€Å"Neutral tones† brings us a vision of lost love which turned into deadliness – the blank neutrality which opposes love and joy and happiness of life. The feelings deepen further with each stanza – from tranquility to blankness, to melancholy, and finally to utter despair. The concluding stanza forms the moral of the poem, adding to the finality of the sentence – what is lost in time, can never be found again. â€Å"The Darkling Thrush† is an example of more hopeful vision. Dedicated to the coming century, it is full with dark images of definite meaning: the gate as the gate of a new age (or a new Century), frost and Winter as Death itself that comes to all, and the land becomes a body which dies together with Century, for its time has passed. But the mere voice of the thrush changes the picture, illuminating it with some inner light of â€Å"blessed Hope†. And, while the reader (as the man who stands at the gates) is yet unaware of a definite knowledge of that Good Sign that only the bird has, he still accepts the bird’s song as a sign that there is hope for the future. Poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins is yet another example of what classics had to offer then. His images are as definite as Hardy’s, if somewhat more fluent, and the moral is present too in his poems. â€Å"Spring and Fall† shows Margaret – a young girl who had realized for the first time that all things in life change and eventually die, that life is not permanent. A child’s mind can grasp concepts at levels they are not aware of, and understand something without ever having it explained. It is simple because of the innocent way the child absorbs the life itself. As an adult, one can see a subject or idea in a completely different way by viewing it through the eyes of a child. In the poem, Margaret looks at death and understands it symbolically, through the death of leaves to her own imminent demise. â€Å"God’s Grandeur† is another example of short and conclusive classical poetry. The tension in scenes of man-made destruction, pictured with vivid detail, is intensified by alliteration. Disturbing images of oozing oil and ever-repeating trod of countless generations result in deep, uncontrolled fear. But the conclusion opposes all said before by references to never-ending nature and God as its creator and protector. It states to us that God will as surely brings life after death and resurrection after destruction, as each day he brings the morning light after the dark of night. From fear of Man to hope in God – that is the meaning of the poem in general. To conclude the work, one should remind that modernist poets had learned to use their images from classical poetry. But, taking the basic elements and images from their predecessors, their works had transcended from single pictures (or contented stories explained to reader part by part) to grandiose intertwined canvases, full of elements and colors, or bottomless abysses of veiled hints and allusions. Certainly, the works of classics had formed the foundation for these magnificent creations of modernist poets, and without them the whole modernism in English literature would not be able to exist or progress. Works Cited Abrams M. H. A Glossary of Literary Terms. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Wilson, 1941 Hardy, Thomas. Wessex poems and other verses. New York: Harper, 1898. Hopkins, Gerard Manley. Poems of Gerard Manley Hopkins. London: Humphrey Milford, 1918. King, Stephen. The Waste Lands. Donald M. Grant, Publisher, Inc, 1991. Simon, Marc. The Complete Poems of Hart Crane. New York: Liveright, 1986. The Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry. New York and London:W. W. Norton Company, 1988

Essay on Brendan Behan

Essay on Brendan Behan This essay looks at three of Brendan Behans main works which most critics agree are his best. These three main works are; The Quare Fellow (1954), The Hostage (1958) and Borstal Boy (1958).The essay begins with a brief biography of Behans life and reveals some of the reasons how his younger years influenced his later works. The essay also gives a brief synopsis of these three works and explores some of the re-occurring themes within these works. It finally examines some of the ways that he has shaped and influenced the Irish national identity. Brendan Behan was born in Dublin on 9 February 1923 into an educated Dublin working class family. He grew up in Dublins north inner city near Mountjoy Square. Both his parents had a big influence on the literature that he would later come to write. Behans father, Stephen, had been active in the Irish War of Independence; his mother Kathleen remained politically active for all life and his uncle Peadar Kearney composed the Irish national anthem The Soldiers Song(Amhrà ¡n na bhFiann). When Brendan was a child his father would often read classic literature to the children at bedtime and his mother would take them on walks around the city pointing out different houses of noted Irish literary figures, while also showing them where the citys revolutionaries had been born or executed.   When Brendan was a child he would read anything he could find and even at the age of six the head nun in his primary school had informed his mother Kathleen that she was rearing a genius (O Connor, 1 970 p.20). Despite his obvious ability at school he decided at the age of 14 to leave and follow his fathers trade as a painter. Soon after leaving school Brendan joined Fianna Éireann, the youth organisation of the IRA. In 1939, at the age of 16, he went on a bombing mission to England but he was arrested and found to be in possession of explosives. He was sentenced to three years in a borstal institution in England but returned to Ireland in 1941. The following year he was imprisoned in Ireland and released as part of a general amnesty in 1946. He wrote about these years in his autobiography novel Borstal Boy. Upon his release he moved between Dublin, Kerry and Connemara, and spent some time in Paris, where he wrote in both Irish and English. Behan produced his first play The Quare Fellow in 1954 in Dublin. The following year he married Beatrice Ffrench-Salkeld. In 1958 Behan wrote his second play An Giall which was written in the Irish language and performed in the Dublin. That same year The Hostage, which was Behans English language version of An Giall, met with great international success following Jo an Littlewoods production of it in London. Also in 1958 Borstal Boy was published and it became an immediate best seller. Behans international success, along with the financial rewards, brought about an increase in his drinking problems. After years of heavy drinking he had developed diabetes and it was due to this that he died, aged 41, on 20 March 1964 (OConnor, 1970). This part of the essay shall examine, and give a brief synopsis of, Behans three main works; The Quare Fellow (1954), The Hostage (1958) and Borstal Boy (1958). His first play The Quare Fellow is set in a Dublin prison on the eve of the execution of the quare fellow, a colloquial term for someone on death sentence. One of the condemned prisoners, who has murdered his wife, has been recently pardoned; while the other prisoner, the quare fellow who has murdered his brother, has not. Although the quare fellow is the centrepiece of the play, it is not about him and he never appears or utters any words. There is no question of his guilt and he is not a likeable figure. The only sympathy for him is that he is going to be executed the following day. The play does not explore the effect of the execution on the quare fellow but looks at the effect on the prisoners, wardens and the hangman himself. The hero in the play is Warden Regan who is a devoted Catholic while also being a humanist. Alth ough he accepts the system of the Church and Society, the humanity in him can see the hypocrisy in this system. The play ends the following morning with the quare fellow being executed. The play is based on Behans own experiences in Mountjoy prison, and it questions the right of any society to inflict or carry out the barbarous act of capital punishment which was still then in use in Ireland. It also attacks some of the false piety in attitudes in 1950s Ireland to sex, politics and religion (Russell,) The second play Behan wrote was An Gaill which was later translated into English and called The Hostage (1958). The play is set in Dublin guesthouse-cum-brothel during the late 1950s. It portrays the capturing and detention of a young Cockney British soldier by the IRA in response to the planned execution, by the British, of an IRA volunteer in Belfast. The 19 year old British soldier has been kidnapped as he is leaving an Armagh Dance Hall. The IRA declares that it will shoot the hostage Leslie Williams, if their Belfast Boy is executed at Belfast Gaol the following morning. Private Williams is imprisoned in a lower class Dublin guesthouse-cum-brothel owned by a fanatical Gael. During the course of the play Leslie falls in love with the young Irish convent girl, Theresa, and she also falls for him. They have both grown up in similar backgrounds, both are orphans who now find themselves in a city that they are foreign to, and neither of them cares much for any wars or battles that ha ve been fought between Britain and Ireland in the past or the present. The play is made up of a variety of characters such as fallen rebel heroes, homosexual navvies, pimps and whores, convent girls and deteriorating civil servants who are loyal to the nationalist cause. Private Williams is entertained by them with jigs and reels, rock n roll dancing, rebel songs and tales about Irelands glorious past, and all the time the IRA guards await for news from Belfast.It is eventually only by accident that he discovers that he is the hostage and will be executed if the IRA volunteer in Belfast is hung. Towards the end of the play the manager of the place understands the futility of continuing the Old fight but feels powerless to intervene. At the end of the play the news arrives that the IRA volunteer has been hanged and in the ensuing armed Gardaà ­ raid on the brothel the hostage is accidently shot and killed. At the finale of the English version of the play the corpse of the dead hosta ge rises up and sings The bells of hell/ Go ting-a-ling-a-ling. Also in 1958 Behan released his autobiographical novel Borstal Boy. The book is based on the three years that he spent in Hollesley Bay Borstal in Suffolk, England, after being caught with explosives in Liverpool. It is a vivid memoir of the years that being spent there. Story depicts a young Behan, full of Republican fervour and idealism, softening his radicalism and warming to his fellow British inmates and the wardens known as screws. The story is not a venomous attack on Britain but instead it portrays Behans move away from radicalism and violence. The dialogue in the book captures the lively interactions amongst the Borstal inmates along with all their various distinctive accents from around the British Isles. As the story develops Behan skilfully demonstrates that due to their working class, whether they are Irish Catholic or English Protestant, they share a lot more in common than they had realised. Behan realises that any supposed barriers of religion and ethnicity are just s uperficial and are beliefs that have been imposed on him by an anxious middle class. Ultimately he emerges as a young man who is realistic and recognises the truth that violence, especially political violence, is futile. The image at end of the novel is of a young working class man, who has been stunted by crime and prison, coming right and growing into being an independent thinker, writer and playwright (Kearney, 1970). In the three works of Behans that have been looked at in this essay there are a number of re-occurring themes to be found within them. The stories are written from a working class perspective with socialist leanings. In these works Behan writes in his own voice and this is most obvious in the language used in the Borstal Boy. In this book Behan uses an engaging style of writing and incorporates the use of phonetic spelling in an interesting and creative way for an authentic effect. The narrative flow is sometimes condensed and other times heavily unhurried. All these works are based around some form of imprisonment and they are critical of both church and state, religion and the power of authority. In the Quare Fellow we see Warden Regan questioning his society and battling with his conscience over the execution of even a guilty man. The theme of execution is also present in The Hostage with both Private Williams and the IRA volunteer awaiting possible execution. In The Hostage the p rincipal theme is of a young innocents being set against those with political motivations and ambitions. The Hostage questions the futility of patriotic fervour and political violence (Jeffs,1966)   and this theme is also found in the Borstal Boy which was based on Behans own experiences. Both The Hostage and Borstal Boy examining the Anglo-Irish relationship exploring the fact that there is very little difference between working class Irish Catholics or working class English Protestants. In Behans two plays he somewhat questions the Irish identity itself and the new young Irish Free State. The plays look at this new Free State and exposes that it is carrying on the same practices of their old governing colonial power. For a Republican like Behan it must have seemed brutally ironic that the official hangman for the Irish Free State was often an imported Englishman (Kiberd, 1989, p.336). In The Quare Fellow, Behan has the lags Dunlavin put it as the Free State didnt change anything more than the badges in the warders caps. The same olds class prejudices, which were imported from England, are still present and have not been rejected in the new Irish state. The Dublin Gaeilgeoir in the play represents this lack of change (Kiberd, 1989). John Brannigan, the author of the Behan biography Brendan Behan, Cultural Nationalism and the Revisionist Writer, questions some of the stereotypes that hang around the figure of Behan. He situates Behan amidst a generation of Irish writers in the mid-20th century Ireland having to deal with the dull, even gloomy aftermath of the previous, more heroic, age of Irish 20th century history. The promise of the earlier decades of the 20th century was not delivered and their age was of disappointment and anti-climax (Brannigan, 2002). Unfortunately, the success that Behan received for his writing only increased his drinking problem and he played into the drunken Irishman caricature. After translating his work An Gaill into English he allowed Joan Littlewoods production of The Hostage to compromise and dilute the realism of the original Irish version by giving it interludes of music-hall singing and dancing (OConnor, 1970). At the end of The Hostage, when it finishes with the dead British soldiers corpse rising up and singing The bells of hell/ Go ting-a-ling-a-ling, we are left wondering not only about Behans politics but also about his literary integrity. After the Borstal Boy, Behan was unable to produce another classic. His later books like Brendan Behans Island and Brendan Behans New York could not be compared to his former works. Whatever criticism there may be of Behans later works, it does not take away from what he has contributed to imagination of the Irish national identity. His work has been a significant influence to many writers and he has made his way into many Irish and international songs. The Auld Triangle, which is Behans prisoner song from The Quare Fellow, has become something of an Irish folk standard and has been recorded on numerous occasions by groups such as The Dubliners and also The Pogues. Both of his plays, as well as the Borstal Boy which was first made into a play in 1967, have still remained popular with Irish audiences (Murphy, 2014) and Borstal Boy was also made into a film in 2000. Word Count: 2100 Bibliography Brannigan, J., (2002) Brendan Behan, Cultural Nationalism and the Revisionist Writer. Dublin, Four Courts Press. Jeffs, R., (1966) Brendan Behan: Man and Showman. London, Hutchinson Co. Kearney, C.,(1976) Borstal Boy: A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Prisoner, Ariel. VII (April, 1976), pp. 47-62. Kiberd, D., (1989) Irish literature and of Irish history. In: Foster, R.F., (1989) (ed.) The Oxford Illustrated History of Ireland. Oxford, Oxford University Press. Murphy, C., (2014) Brendan Behan the borstal boy, boozer and bomb-maker, Irish Independent, 07 September. OConnor, U., (1970) Brendan Behan. London, Granada Publishing Ltd. Russell, R.R., (2002) Brendan Behans Lament for Gaelic Ireland: The Quare Fellow. New Hibernia Review. 6 (1): pp. 73-93

Right To Die :: essays research papers fc

In John A. Robertson's essay, "Cruzan: No Rights Violated," he argues that the decision made by the Missouri Supreme Court to deny Nancy Beth Cruzan's parents' request to have their daughter's artificial nutrition and hydration tube removed was not a violation of Nancy Beth Cruzan's right to refuse treatment because she had not personally refused treatment. Robertson also claims that keeping Cruzan alive with this particular medical treatment does not alienate her constitutional rights, or her parents'. Robertson states that, " A permanently vegetative patient does not have interests that can be harmed," simply because he/she cannot feel pain and doesn't know his/her present condition. Robertson then goes on to say that simply assuming that one would decline treatment in that situation because of his/her prior beliefs is not enough evidence to maintain that the directive was, in fact, released by the said person, and to relieve their self from a state law that orders such a treatment, the person must have released a directive against that particular treatment. If one were to argue that an incompetent patient has the right to have their medical treatment decided by another person on the presumption that it follows with the patient's previous beliefs, Robertson would declare that the patient is much different than they were before and does not reserve a constitutional right to be managed in the same way they would have been. In placing the right to decide Nancy's treatment in her parents' hands, her parents would be acting in their own interests according to Robertson, and in choosing to stop medical treatment of their daughter, they would be denying their child medical care deemed necessary by the state, which is illegal. With this in mind, Robertson says that the Supreme Court should not extend a family's privacy to include the refusal of necessary treatment when the [above] treatment is not causing harm to the child. Next Robertson says that if a person wants to refuse treatment while incompetent, it is their obligation to make a directive before becoming incompetent in order to refuse treatment on the principle of that particular directive, and that requiring this is "not an undue burden on persons who wish to issue directives against medical care when incompetent." If "clear evidence" does not exist in a past directive, Robertson says that providing the treatment does not alienate a person's right to regulate his/her own care because of the lack of evidence.

Travels With My Aunt. Essay -- English Literature

Travels With My Aunt. In Travels with my Aunt, Graham Greene, the author, tends to show less respect that we would present towards some traditional values and institutions such as religion, Church, marriage, police and funerals. His attitudes towards traditional values lets us see other points of view, for example we wouldn’t had laughed reading about a funeral whilst reading Travels with my Aunt we did. Henry is one of the few characters which Graham Greene show with a respectful attitude towards many things. However he changes and develops his ideas as the days pass by next to aunt Augusta. â€Å"I lead them into the dinning room† this quotation shows the respectful attitude Henry had towards the police at the beginning. â€Å"Police business of course, I said. What other business do you deal in?†, this other quotation is showing Henry talking with less respect than before and as he continues â€Å"It was almost as though my aunt were speaking through me.†, we realise that Henry is changing his attitude because of Augusta, because he is now close to Augusta and as she hasn’t got respect to the police Henry is starting to act the same way. Aunt Augusta on the other hand has been during the book a character who showed no respect or very little towards the police, authorities. She’s a woman who lives her life as she likes and does not care about legal or illegal attitudes. Graham Greene mocks the stereotypical character of an old lady, an example is one of the main characters of the book, Aunt Augusta. The audience would have expected her as a calm, sedentary woman, maybe married but instead she is very active, she’s very. The audience would have expected her as a calm, sedentary woman, maybe married but i... ...pical old woman, we wouldn’t expect woman of her age talking freely about sex whilst Augusta is not shy and so talks freely and happily about sex, this quotation proves it: â€Å"I am all for a little professional sex†. Also Graham Greene mocks daily life style and behaviours, an example is again aunt Augusta, she’s very attracted to men whilst an stereotypical woman of her age wouldn’t. â€Å"I let them in, though, because they were polite and one of them, the one in uniform, was tall and good-looking â€Å". This quotation proves that Augusta is very attracted to men. In conclusion, Graham Greene writes about daily life things but though another point of view, he stands out the curious, special, rare things that could happen in the most common occasions. Also Graham Greene mocks several pillars of respectability such as religion, law and traditional morality.

Women and the Glass Ceiling :: Women, Corporations, Oorganizations

The glass ceiling is an invisible barrier in organizations that prevents many women and minorities from achieving top-level management positions. In 1995, the Glass Ceiling Commission released its first report and found that only 5 percent of the senior-level managers in Fortune 1000 companies are women. This report identified three barriers to the advancement of women and minorities: 1. Societal barriers exist that are likely outside the control of business. 2. Internal structural barriers are present that are under the direct control of business, including recruitment policies and corporate cultures. 3. There are governmental barriers such as insufficient monitoring and enforcement Taking care of the family is a major reason why women don't advance as fast as men. "We don't play golf on Saturday mornings" (Diana Bennett, president of D.L. Bennett & Associates). Whereas men may informally move up the ladder during a golf game, women are likely to be doing house chores and spending time with the kids. Bennett suggests that instead of playing golf on Saturdays, women should join civic, charitable, and business boards in order to work their way up. "But if you're going to join a board, be involved, (Business Journal). Avery small number of women believe that the so-called glass ceiling can be broken. One of them is Carly Fiorina who took over Hewlett-Packard, becoming the first women CEO of a Dow 30 firm. She prefers that the focus be on her considerable achievements as an executive with AT&T and not because of her sex. According to an industry panel, the glass ceiling for women in banking remains, but is weakening. Indeed "there is a glass ceiling in a lot of companies still", said Judith Dunn Fisher, who broke through April 1 when she was promoted to chief financial officer at Huntington Bancshares Inc. The fact is that just recently the value of women and their ability to contribute to a company is being recognized. A study discovered that for women, software engineering is one of the best fields to be in, as the demand greatly outweighs the supply. So if one has the ability to program and keep up with technology, "there's no glass ceiling," said Huey-shin Yuan, a principal engineer in the software development at Mountain View-based Consilium Inc. The study also stated that women in engineering earn slightly more than their male colleagues, but women make only about 5 to 6 percent of all employed engineers. KeyCorp executive Karen R. Haefling agrees that there is a glass ceiling, but urges women to be more assertive in seeking out opportunities to build their resumes. Women and the Glass Ceiling :: Women, Corporations, Oorganizations The glass ceiling is an invisible barrier in organizations that prevents many women and minorities from achieving top-level management positions. In 1995, the Glass Ceiling Commission released its first report and found that only 5 percent of the senior-level managers in Fortune 1000 companies are women. This report identified three barriers to the advancement of women and minorities: 1. Societal barriers exist that are likely outside the control of business. 2. Internal structural barriers are present that are under the direct control of business, including recruitment policies and corporate cultures. 3. There are governmental barriers such as insufficient monitoring and enforcement Taking care of the family is a major reason why women don't advance as fast as men. "We don't play golf on Saturday mornings" (Diana Bennett, president of D.L. Bennett & Associates). Whereas men may informally move up the ladder during a golf game, women are likely to be doing house chores and spending time with the kids. Bennett suggests that instead of playing golf on Saturdays, women should join civic, charitable, and business boards in order to work their way up. "But if you're going to join a board, be involved, (Business Journal). Avery small number of women believe that the so-called glass ceiling can be broken. One of them is Carly Fiorina who took over Hewlett-Packard, becoming the first women CEO of a Dow 30 firm. She prefers that the focus be on her considerable achievements as an executive with AT&T and not because of her sex. According to an industry panel, the glass ceiling for women in banking remains, but is weakening. Indeed "there is a glass ceiling in a lot of companies still", said Judith Dunn Fisher, who broke through April 1 when she was promoted to chief financial officer at Huntington Bancshares Inc. The fact is that just recently the value of women and their ability to contribute to a company is being recognized. A study discovered that for women, software engineering is one of the best fields to be in, as the demand greatly outweighs the supply. So if one has the ability to program and keep up with technology, "there's no glass ceiling," said Huey-shin Yuan, a principal engineer in the software development at Mountain View-based Consilium Inc. The study also stated that women in engineering earn slightly more than their male colleagues, but women make only about 5 to 6 percent of all employed engineers. KeyCorp executive Karen R. Haefling agrees that there is a glass ceiling, but urges women to be more assertive in seeking out opportunities to build their resumes.

Studying psychological disorders

1.) Describe the general behaviors associated with the disorder. Psychological disorders are usually associated with disturbances in mood, perception, memory, and emotions. There could be an increase in the level of anxiety which is usually observed in patients with phobias or other stress disorders. There could also be dissociation or disrupted consciousness and identity which is characteristic of dissociative disorders.Basically, these people could experience confusion on their situation and there could also be estranged from one’s own environment. These individuals could also exhibit over the board behaviors and activities. There are also evident physical manifestations of the disorders such as seizure or other physical disabilities. a) Explain how biological influences play a role. Biological influences play a big role in explaining the nature of psychological disorders. The psychological side of man is usually associated with the nervous system and its functions.Different existing medical treatments for psychological disorders also focus on monitoring brain activities and the likes. Also, there are several cases in which physical trauma to the brain can cause certain psychological distress and at the same time psychological disorders are often manifested in an abrupt change in biological processes. Genetic factors may also increase a person’s risk of acquiring a psychological illness. b) Are there biological reasons why an individual may exhibit behaviors related to the disorder?Explain your answer. There are biological reasons behind the behaviors of an individual having a particular disorder. For example, sleep disorders are mainly caused by a disruption in the biological sleep patterns of the individual. This psychological disorder is also biological in nature because it also involves difficulty in breathing and even paralysis of different parts of the body. Sleep disorders can also be caused by other psychological illnesses such as schizo phrenia and other mood disorders.

Samsung Yemen Lcd Tv & Its Accessories

SAMPLE MARKETING PLAN FOR SAMSUNG 3D TV â€Å"Inspire the world, create the future. † 1. 0 Executive Summary Samsung Electronics has proven to the business world that they are one of the most prestigious technology companies in the industry. With more technology advancements than our market can handle at this point and time, Samsung has paved the way for the future in electronics. One of the most popular new â€Å"toys† in the market today, is the unbelievable 3D TV. The first 3D TV was launched in March of 2010, and has already had a major impact on the market.Samsung dominated the market, controlling nearly90% of the total share. Samsung’s  product, the 9000 series TV, is  incomparable to competition with its ultra-thin screen, measuring only 0. 3 inches in width. The 9000 series also comes with a full color spectrum that makes for an  incredible viewing experience. 2. 0 Situation Analysis Samsung’s current strategy in the 3D television market is t o seize a dominant market share while the market is being pioneered and to maintain the majority market share throughout the stages of the 3D television life cycle.With the recent release of 3DTVs into the market in early 2010, the product is still considered to be in the introduction stage of the product life cycle. While Samsung introduced its  new slogan, â€Å"Inspire the world, Create the Future,† the company's strongest emphasis in the last two years has been on convergence and  integration. Samsung has re-organized their  corporation to encourage cross-pollination and innovation. This is demonstrated by the progressive approach to the market that Samsung has taken, acknowledging the lack of immediate growth in the market, and innovating to prepare for the potential growth in the market.Targeted Segment With the development of 3D TV technology, Samsung’s target market is easily identified as the Early  Adapter. An early adapter is a  consumer who has a very quick rate of diffusion, the rate at which the market accepts a new product or product idea. One Strategy Analytics Survey identified â€Å"Cube Tubers† as the most likely consumers of  products available in the 3D  TV market. â€Å"Cube Tubers,† are twice as likely to express interest in receiving 3D TV  programming at home. These consumers represent a  rather small eight-ten percent of the overall  population.They are most likely  young, mid-twenties to late thirties Caucasian males,  educated and married. They seem to be the  most likely candidates to show interest in buying the newest generation of the television market. Along with the â€Å"Cube Tubers,† the broader target market tends to be families with young children. The target audience for 3D TVs will mostly be  found in or near  bigger cities. These locations must be  considered the prime market areas due to the likelihood of the availability of 3D content in urban areas rat her than away from cities in the more technologically  constrained rural areas. Competitive Analysis . Sony cooperation 2. Mitsubishi Inc. 3 . Panasonic Inc. 4 . LG Electronics Inc. 5 Vizio Inc. 1 Sony Corporation Sony is a Japanese company that uses web advertising as a dominant feature. They offer different videos and PDF documents on their websites to help customers understand their business. When typing into Google,  Sony does not come up  first, however, Best Buy was one of  the leaders, who sell  Sony TV’s. Sony finds itself in the top five of the market share of the previous trends of the television market, usually in the top three until recently being bumped down to fifth recently in the FPTV market. Mitsubishi Inc. Mitsubishi Inc. is also a Japanese company  with a Very broad product mix, and a marketing theory that anything is possible. They Aim to release their 3D TVs mainly through private company sales rather than in nationally acclaimed retail stores like most brands. Mitsubishi has continued to  use and perfect DLP technology, created by Texas Instruments, while Samsung has moved on from DLP and has released some beautiful Plasma, LCD and LED  3D TVs.Mitsubishi’s difference is  in its picture quality,  although DLP offers great picture quality the technology has many drawbacks such as bulb replacement and interior cleaning to maintain picture quality that hinder consumers from buying their product. Mitsubishi is the most recent follower of trends by recently adopting the Smart TV  idea and integrating Internet  connectivity into the unit. .3 Panasonic Inc. Panasonic, another Japanese company, is another competitor finding its way to the top three market shares in the TV market.Panasonic aims to be  the No. 1 Green Innovation Company in the Electronics Industry by 2018, the 100th anniversary of their  founding. After Samsung initiated an unexpected price war with Panasonic  at the opening of the 3D mark et, they announced an expectancy to miss sales targets for the first year. Demonstrating Samsung’s sound knowledge of good pricing strategies keeping competitors on edge. Panasonic’s premier 3D product differs in  the backlight composition, opting to use plasma for the  opening of the 3D market. LG Electronics Inc.LG Electronics is a Korean company. LG Electronics Inc. , ranking as the world's second-largest maker of flat-screen TVs,  said it aims to strengthen its presence in the burgeoning 3D TV market, seeking to grab a share larger than its target for the liquid-crystal display (LCD) TV market. LG is eyeing 25  percent of the global 3D  TV market this year, which amounts to 950,000 sales based on an annual market forecast of 3. 8million units. That compares with LG's 15  percent market share target for  LCD TVs, or  25 million units. LG had focused on the  mass market.Initially LG’s objective  was to create footprint among the sizable mid dle class, and other than its aggressive pricing, little to  distinguish it from  other consumer durable companies. 5 Vizio Inc. Vizio is a market share leader in the industry, but its claim to success is in its ability to follow  technology and market trends. Vizio’s vision is to be the industry leader  in consumer electronics by consistently delivering the latest technologies at the most affordable price. Vizio has developed cost efficient production methods that allow them to undermine the quality of the products slightly and the price for what they sell at  significantly.SWOT Analysis Strength A. High Quality Innovative Products – Brand Prestige Samsung’s 3D TV market products lead the  industry as they have pioneered the launch of the  new market segment in  early 2010. Samsung’s LED TV product line has earned the prestige of the best picture quality available in the market by Consumer Electronics Reports. Those very products are  a lso leading the  way in innovation in the way of style and appeal to consumers, as Samsung released the 9000Series, which is the  thinnest 3D TV available at  . 31 inches.Samsung is a strong corporate brand known  for its quality products and  advanced technology use. The brand prestige that Samsung looks to carry over from the LED, LCD  and Plasma markets, hoping consumers will easily identify the brand and associate it with it high quality products from an organization dedicated to providing  market leading products. B. Availability of Resources Samsung recently transferred 300 engineers from their very prominent semiconductor business unit within the organization, and established a new television business unit.The relocation of these engineers has  allowed SE to develop market products far beyond the technology and innovative capacity of competitors. C. Constant Focus on R;D Samsung Electronic has been regularly strengthening its research and developments (R;D) fu nction. The company devotes significant resources and attention to develop consumer-preferred  products with innovative and distinctive features. It is evident from the fact that, the company invested approximately 5. 0% of its revenue in R;D activities  over 2008 and 2009. 2 WeaknessesA. Lack of Association with 3D Gaming Content Unlike SE’s competitor Sony, Samsung does not have a direct association with content provider for 3D gaming. Acknowledging that the 3D gaming segment will account for a substantial market share, one could infer Sony’s association with gaming consoles like PlayStation as  a competitive advantage over Samsung. B. High Quality, High Price Understanding SE prides itself on having very high quality products, one can infer that SE can  justifiably charge the highest price for those renowned products.To maintain a dominant market share as the market for 3D TVs expands, SE’s establish target consumer will  have to expand. With the  target consumer established economically as the upper level of the middle class and all levels of the upper class currently, the target will have to expand to incorporate all members of the middle class. 3 Opportunities A. Strategic alliances that enhance the company’s product offerings Samsung Electronics has entered into strategic agreements with some of the well-known companies of the world in the recent past.For instance, during June 2009,the company signed a patent cross license agreement with Toshiba for semiconductor  technologies. Toshiba is the leading player in the NAND flash memory market with thousands of patens under its  name. Toshiba is also in the forefront of innovations in this product category with several new technologies under its credit. By signing the cross licensing patent agreement with Toshiba, Samsung Electronics continues to have access to important NAND flash process technology as well as multi level cell flash memory design IP relevant for f uture NAND flash generations.B. Partnership to access 3D gaming content Establishing a partnership with a company in the video game industry would be ideal to increase the amount of 3D gaming content. Although this segment of  the market is currently minimal, the surplus of content could influence consumers so that the segment could increase. A partnership with a company  like Microsoft could have an impact on the market  greatly. The timing of this opportunity would be immediately, the sooner the partnership begins, and the sooner the content could be produced, presenting an opportunity  for the market  to expand. . Threats A. 3D Gaming Market – Sony The fact that Sony offers the PlayStation gaming console, they have a foot in the door with the consumers who have interest in 3D gaming, which could potentially represent a significant share of the market. Sony’s PlayStation is the first gaming console to launch 3D gaming  content. This relationship between t he two products allows Sony to sell both products together at a discount offering not only a product to view 3D content, but also a gaming console with abilities that allow consumers to play3D games.