Thermochemistry an Ice Calorimeter Determination of Reaction Enthalpy Essay Example

Thermochemistry: an Ice Calorimeter Determination of Reaction Enthalpy Essay Thermochemistry: An Ice Calorimeter Determination of Reaction Enthalpy Heidi Moen Chemistry 151 Lab Section No. 47905 09/02/2010 Instructor: John Weide Abstract: In this experiment, an ice calorimeter was used to measure the energy transferred from a system to the surroundings in an isothermal heat transfer. By measuring the change in volume by milliliters before, during, and after a reaction of Sulfuric acid and Magnesium ribbon takes place in the calorimeter reaction test tube. Two trial experiments were preformed. The average of both trials was calculated to be -363. 7 kJ/mol, which is compared to the theoretical yield of enthalpy change; -464. 2 kJ/mol. Lab partner was John Grek. Results: Table 1 Change in volume in calorimeter after adding magnesium ribbon to Sulfuric acid Time (seconds) Milliliters 0| 0. 79| 60| 0. 73| 120| 0. 57| 180| 0. 46| 240| 0. 39| 300| 0. 345| 360| 0. 315| 420| 0. 299| 480| 0. 28| 540| 0. 27| 600| 0. 265| 660| 0. 26| Table 1 Change in volume in calorimeter after adding magnesium ribbon to Sulfuric acid Time (seconds) Milliliters | 0. 87| 60| 0. 84| 120| 0. 829| 180| 0. 82| 300| 0. 72| 360| 0. 635| 420| 0. 51| 540| 0. 43| 630| 0. 37| 690| 0. 33| 750| 0. 315| 840| 0. 28| 930990 | 0. 270. 26| Sample Calculations Calculations are given for the first addition of magnesium ribbon to H2SO4 0. 82 ml – 0. 32 ml x g/0. 0911 ml x 333 J/g x 1/0. 0049 x kJ/1000J = -372. 99 kJ/mol With the same calculations the result of the second addition of magnesium ribbon to H2SO4 are given -354. 34 kJ/mol Figure 1. Graph of change in volume in calorimeter after adding magnesium ribbon to Sulfuric acid Figure 2. Graph of change in volume in calorimeter after adding magnesium ribbon to Sulfuric acid Discussion After averaging both trials the results are shown to be -363. 67 kJ/mol, which is compared to the theoretical yield of enthalpy change; -464. 2 kJ/mol. The % error is -363. 67/-464. 2100 = 78. 34% Conclusion With getting an average ? H of -363. 67 kJ/mol with a 78. 34% yield, the results where unsatisfactory. If having to repeat the experiment, more precise measuring and recording would take place for a more accurate result. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS We will write a custom essay sample on Thermochemistry: an Ice Calorimeter Determination of Reaction Enthalpy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Thermochemistry: an Ice Calorimeter Determination of Reaction Enthalpy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Thermochemistry: an Ice Calorimeter Determination of Reaction Enthalpy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The report must be typewritten (or use a word processor) and should not be written in the first person. Each page should have a 1 border on all four sides of the page. A page number should appear either in the upper right hand corner (or the bottom center) of each page except the first page of the report. The report should contain each of the following: I. Title Page II. Purpose of the Experiment: This should be a brief statement explaining why the experiment was conducted. (Abstract)Be sure to include names of lab partners and unknown numbers. Or you will lose points. III. Procedure: A very brief outline of the procedure(s) you used along with a list of any special equipment should be given here. IV. Drawing of Equipment (this is rarely used): A labeled drawing of any specialized equipment setups should be presented here. If you do a drawing, it should look GOOD. A digital photograph is an acceptable substitute. Cameras are available in the stockroom. V. Table of Data and Results: Data and results should be presented in a neat tabular form (must be typed). All Tables should be labeled. All the data should have units. VI. Calculations: A. Any formulas used should be presented here. A complete setup with UNITS should be shown for each type of calculation. You may accomplish this using an ink pen. B. Graphs should be neat and utilize as much as possible of the whole page without compromising the scaling. Graph title should be an accurate description of what is being plotted. X and Y axes should be labeled to explain both the property plotted and its UNITS. SCALING should be in reasonable increments (i. e. 1, 2, 5, 10 etc. ). For experiments that use the slope, the slope should be printed on the graph. VII. Questions and Answers: Any questions asked in the lab should be answered here in complete sentences. VIII. Discussion amp; Conclusion: In this section, the experiment and the results obtained are discussed that results in a conclusion of what was learned. The conclusion should directly address the purpose of the experiment. Also any problems encountered in the experimentation are stated along with any suggestions for improvement of the experiment. IX. Sign and Date your report. Or you will lose points. X. Appendices: Turn in your carbon copy of your data amp; report sheet as an appendix. Or you will lose points.

Sample of Objective Essay - An Effective Method to Present Your Life Goals

Sample of Objective Essay - An Effective Method to Present Your Life GoalsThe concept of an objective essay seems simple enough. If you were able to clearly explain the reason for your choice, the importance of your career objective and why you believe it is the most important thing you will ever do in your life, then the focus of your essay can be applied to any decision that may be made about your future. After all, it is only by developing a strong understanding of yourself and your prospective employer or organization that you will be in a position to make informed decisions.But with this simple form of essay, you are creating a separate document for every argument you make. As if this is not enough, you are then applying this essay to numerous applicants for similar positions. All of these things are bound to create a very difficult job on your part. It is not at all impossible to write an objective essay that presents your personal perspective and a compelling reason for your j ob objective in a positive light.Well, you don't have to do anything particularly difficult. As a general rule, if you were able to articulate the reasons for doing something you have done, then that means you have the ability to express your thoughts in a positive light.The best possible approach would be to try and consider a great example from a story from history. You can find numerous examples online, though you might not know which examples are truly effective. You can easily find a great example by simply searching the internet for 'emotional essay'. Here is one you can read:'One day, when I was fifteen years old, I was sitting on the patio outside my home, playing with my dog, when a strange man walked up to me. He was wearing a white lab coat, was clean shaven, and had his hands full of money. 'Hello, what brings you here?' he asked.I was surprised at the question and told him I was a college student. The man laughed. He said he thought that my parents were looking for a bo y to be the president of his company. He said he was a friend of his father and was about to start a new career for him.I began to cry and tell him I did not want to do this. He thought I was angry because I had been so upset when he tried to get in touch with my parents. When I told him how I felt, he told me he would come back in the morning and he would tell them why I had not gotten in touch with them and why he had chosen me to work for him.'

261 Intro to American Lit 2 and Syllabus Professor Ramos Blog

261 Intro to American Lit 2 and Syllabus Welcome to Survey of American Literature 2! An analysis of representative literary works by significant American writers since the Civil War through the present that includes the study of the historical and social context of the literature, and lives of important writers. The course is broken down into three units: 1865-1914 1914-1945 1945-Present The unifying theme that we will be exploring is â€Å"The Problem of American Identity.† We cannot read everything in our anthology and the theme is meant to help you develop an understanding of what American literature is. Norton Anthology of American Literature, Shorter Ninth Edition, Volume 2 1865 to present.

Time to Retire Political Correctness

Time to Retire Political Correctness Time to Retire Political Correctness Time to Retire Political Correctness By Maeve Maddox The expressions â€Å"political correctness† and â€Å"politically correct† have gone through so many meanings that it’s no longer possible to know what a speaker means by them. The word correct was used as a verb by Chaucer in the fourteenth century in reference to correcting his writing. It’s from Latin corrigere, â€Å"to make straight, set right, reform, amend.† In the seventeenth century, Dryden used correct as an adjective with the meaning, â€Å"in accordance with an acknowledged or conventional standard.† The abstract noun correctness is also cited from the seventeenth century, with the meaning, â€Å"the quality or condition of being correct; conformity to an acknowledged rule or standard, to what is considered right, or to fact.† The early use of correctness was in reference to language, both written and spoken. In the 1950s, correctness came to mean â€Å"conformation to a dominant political or ideological orthodoxy.† It usually referred to the necessity in non-democratic countries to accept government policies without complaint or suffer punishment. The unstated qualifier for this use of correctness was ideological or political. By 1992, the use of correctness had expanded to refer to conformity to established beliefs in other matters. It was possible to speak of â€Å"environmental correctness† and â€Å"feminist correctness.† The early 1970s saw the rise of the phrase â€Å"political correctness† to mean, â€Å"conforming to a body of liberal or radical opinion, especially on social matters.† This kind of â€Å"political correctness† tended to focus on language, especially the rejection of words and phrases thought to be offensive or discriminatory. For example, words like blind, deaf, short, and fat were no longer considered acceptable descriptive adjectives for people who are blind, deaf, short or fat. Carried to its extreme, this type of linguistic political correctness became the target of ridicule, but it did have the positive effect of causing people to think about the social implications of language. In 2016, the phrases â€Å"political correctness,† â€Å"politically correct,† and â€Å"politically incorrect† are getting an intense workout. A Google search shows the following results for the three phrases: â€Å"politically correct† About 7,110,000 â€Å"political correctness† About 6,610,000 â€Å"politically incorrect† About 3,440,000 Although not all of these examples stem from campaign rhetoric or media coverage, a great many- perhaps most- do. For example: Trump has been running against â€Å"political correctness.† Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders have blown up political correctness in New Hampshire Presidential candidate Ted Cruz has called gluten-free military meals a sign of  political  correctness. Whatever value the phrases may have had as meaningful expressions of thought has by now been lost. For example, depending on the topic, â€Å"political correctness† may refer to anything from word-choice to the rule of law. In a society that values freedom of speech, the term â€Å"political correctness† should be unnecessary. In a democracy, no opinion- no matter how hare-brained- is forbidden. Self-styled language police may urge people not to use words they don’t like, but no one is going to be thrown into prison for calling a woman a girl. In a society that purports to value education, shameless public displays of vulgarity and incivility are inappropriate- especially in the behavior of (presumably) educated public figures. The popular sentence-opener, â€Å"It may not be politically correct, but†¦Ã¢â‚¬  often signals no more than the imminent expression of a vulgarity or an insult. â€Å"Political correctness,† â€Å"politically correct,† and â€Å"politically incorrect† belong on the linguistic trash heap with all the other mostly meaningless, hot-button words and expressions used to manipulate people. Related posts Brainstorms Turning to Showers Euphemism and Euphuism Mankind, Humankind, and Gender Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Computer Terms You Should Know30 Baseball IdiomsEbook, eBook, ebook or e-book?

Religious Life of Planet Earth Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Religious Life of Planet Earth - Assignment Example Currently, planet earth has twenty two core religions. Religious belief is a solid belief in powers that rule human destiny or supernatural powers. The following criteria of what the population believed in regards to the purpose, nature, and cause of the universe according to their beliefs. Christianity, Islamic, and Hinduism are among the largest religions on earth. In Christianity, people believe that there is one God. He created the universe in seven days. They also believe that God created them to live in his vision of justice and love. The main objective in life of Christianity is to serve God and love others throughout their lives (Streng, 1985). In Islamic, influential religious rituals get represented as the pillars of faith. The five pillars of faith are daily ritual prayers, fasting during the Ramadan month, paying the alms tax, pilgrimage to Mecca and daily confession of faith. From the above criteria, different religions have different believes. For example from Christianity, people believe that there is only one God, who is the maker of the universe. This is a superb example of beliefs because it shows that people of that religion believe in one Almighty God. Another example of believe is that some people believe in superstition beliefs (Streng, 1985). Superstition is a belief in supernatural powers, which implies that God is a supernatural being. Faith is another excellent example of belief. Faith gets well illustrated in the five pillars of faith in Islamic religion. Most believers believe that faith without action is dead. 4. Religion gives mental peace – Religion consoles and encourages a person during a time of mental of crisis. Individuals get emotional support and mental peace from religion. Hence, it encourages them to face life without fear. Religions can be well discussed in terms of relationship and communication. Relationship is a fundamental concept in all religions.

Employee Relations 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Employee Relations 1 - Essay Example ive solutions, which will essentially take care of the workplace dynamics as well as bring all of the employees on a single platform, as and when needed. There is a dire need to comprehend where the employees are going wrong as per their work domains and what needs to be changed in order to bring sanity within the organization. If the human resources department feels that there is a lot of negativity at the workplace and that the employees do not feel motivated to do their respective chores, then issues could arise which could turn into potential conflicts at the workplace. Now is the time to make sure that these conflicts would get settled in the best manner possible and that too with utmost ease and understanding on the part of the people who are assigned the very tasks in essence. This paper takes a keen look at the ways under which conflict could be managed as well as draws a line between the ethically right and the wrong as far as the employees within an organization are concern ed. Within the Australian workplace of present times, one can see that conflicts have become a norm. This is because different individuals have varying personalities which they bring to the workplace. Now it is up to them as to how they treat one another as well as their respective work ethos. The conflicting scenarios are a direct result of the interaction or the lack thereof amongst the employees, the peers and the relation that the top management has with the subordinates. Once again the role of the human resources department is of essence as it tries to maintain its writ within the organizational regimes. What is important within this scenario is the role of the organizational processes and tasks which must be completed at all times without any hiccups whatsoever. There must be a cohesive basis for getting things on track without any problems because in the broader context it is very significant to take care of the tasks and processes as they bring in the profits and revenues for

Poetry of Jimmy Santiago Baca

Poetry of Jimmy Santiago Baca Many writers and poets have drawn inspiration and motivation from their childhood, past experiences, and hope for the future. Abandoned to an orphanage at a young age, Jimmy Santiago Baca was convicted of drug possession by the age of twenty-one. During his many years in prison, Baca learned how to read and write, eventually publishing his early poems from within the prison walls.   Despite his accomplishments and prestigious awards, Baca remains a humble person by helping kids who are facing the same struggles he faced growing up. Through his poems he shows â€Å"the splendor of human existence amidst the desolate surroundings of prison life† (Baca 7). In his poems, Jimmy Santiago Baca takes the reader through the feelings of loss, dejection, and the quest for identity that relates to his life in prison. Jimmy Santiago Baca grew up with a tough childhood. His parents divorced at an early age, and he was shuffled between relatives and orphanages. During his teenage years, he was in and out of detention centers and was always found spending his time on Albuquerques streets and urban barrios. Baca first began to write poetry during his stay in prison, realizing how to express his thoughts and ideals through poetry. While Baca was in prison for drug charges, he immersed himself in the world of books, reading the works of many famous poets. Through the process of self-discovery, he taught himself English and Spanish, and finally received his GED. His experience in prison consisted of â€Å"lockdowns, solitary confinements, electroshock therapy session, and beatings by prison guards [pushing] him to the lowest ebb of his life† (Baca, CW: SS 3). After prison, Baca left for North Carolina before returning to New Mexico, where he spent time living in Albuquerque working odd jobs such a s a night watchman, janitor, and laborer. Once the birth of his first child occurred, Baca finally settled down with his wife and began â€Å"fully [embracing] his past†¦ with the predominantly Chicano community† (Baca, CW: SS 6). Since then, Baca has begun to seriously publish his works of literature to the public. Jimmy Santiago Baca is considered a renowned Chicano poet because of his â€Å"rich imagery and lyricism of his poetry† (Baca, DA 1). In his works, he suggests that poetry is not always restorative, but resilient when human life is given a chance. When he was given that chance, Baca discovered a state of freedom and humanity away from the dreary realities, by celebrating the human spirit in extreme situations through his poems. Each poem represents a little part of his life from the process of reestablishing his life after his years in prison. His poems never have had a consistent pattern, some may have rhythms similar to prose, but others are very lyrical. The line lengths may vary from short to long, while some poems might have a blend of short and longer lines. With his line maneuvering, Baca had skills in switching tones (Duane, CP 1, 2).The subject of his poems were developed from his experiences, which include his personal responses to the troubled life he lived as a you ng adult. Bacas poetry include the reoccurring â€Å"themes of transformation, metamorphosis, and self-actualization† (Baca, CW: SS 4), which were constant thoughts and changes of Baca. Therefore, his works display the truths of the human heart while in hardship, with the help of â€Å"wisdom, courage, beauty, and above all, hope† (Taylor, KYAPBG 1). The central focus of Bacas poetry is said to bring compassion from the heart and embracing humanity in times of extreme dislocation. Bacas poem – â€Å"Who Understands Me But Me† contains many elements of perseverance, determination, and realization which are evident in most of his poetry. The poem starts off with the speaker receiving new restrictions, but the speaker finds a way to live with the restrictions. Among the restraints and negativity, the speaker develops a positive attitude. With the new restrictions and experiences in hand, he begins to realize his own identity; the speaker learns to â€Å"[find] parts of [himself] never dreamed of by [him].† The poem ends with the speaker questioning who understands him when he says something is beautiful. Mainly, the poem seems forthright and lifeless, repetitive and simple, but this poem has great meaning behind what is seen on the surface level. Throughout the poem, the readers are able to experience â€Å"the physical and mental barriers† (Baca, DA 2). which occur during prison life. The restrictions in the beginning of the poem are represented using anaphora to add emphasis on the continuous struggles which are faced in prison. â€Å"They take my heart and rip it open, I live without heart† creates an indifferent tone from the speaker. â€Å"I followed these signs like an old tracker and followed the tracks deep in myself† explains that his experiences paved a way for the speaker to â€Å"explore the universal theme of an individuals painful search for identity and meaning† (Baca, DA 2). The tone of the poem shifts from indifferent to uplifting and empowering to show that the experiences learned were positive improvements for the speaker. Since the spea ker has gone through many sufferings, he proves that those sufferings helped him for the future. Everyone evolves within themselves every day, but when the time comes for hardships to be encountered, the experiences may become beneficial for their prospect of life. The feelings of loss, dejection, and the quest for identity experiences from Jimmy Santiago Bacas life in prison are shown throughout his poetry. Baca offers means on how to rebuild a broken life, rather than dwell on the painful past. Ever since then, he has been able to change the lives of many Hispanic and Amerindian peoples, by displaying the true insight from the intimidating prisons that guide the changing views of their lives.